锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷锟劫癸拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥斤拷锟斤拷, 然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较岋拷涂锟较憋拷锟給锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷帷ｏ拷鍍憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟剿硷拷x, 锟絉锟接匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿何憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟教讹拷锟较讹拷锟叫光滑锟侥憋拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷鉂嶏拷锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴拷锟轿讹拷锟街憋拷訃锟斤拷锟�, 锟斤拷锟絊锟金、帮拷锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫紅色锟斤拷锟絊色锟斤拷锟絳色锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷涂锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟藉兊锟斤拷R锟斤拷效锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟叫斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色, 然锟斤拷涂透锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟侥傦拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷掳锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷, 锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥癸拷锟絀(y锟斤拷)锟斤拷, 锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟角囷拷锟斤拷鍍岋拷 (锟斤拷讎锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷t色), 锟斤拷谋锟斤拷锟斤拷墙锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷S锟斤拷

小锟斤拷一锟姐噴锟斤拷锟藉兗t锟较撅拷

該锟斤拷藝锟斤拷水锟斤拷锟�-锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥猴拷色-锟絊锟斤拷-透锟斤拷锟侥紅色-锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷锟劫癸拷锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷指锟斤拷模锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥斤拷锟斤拷, 然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较岋拷涂锟较憋拷锟給锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟藉儽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷R锟斤拷效锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟剿硷拷x, 锟絉锟接匡拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿何憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟教讹拷锟较讹拷锟叫光滑锟侥憋拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絉锟斤拷鉂嶏拷取锟�

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷涂锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絖锟斤拷锟藉兊锟斤拷R锟斤拷效锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷只锟叫斤拷锟斤拷色锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷色, 然锟斤拷涂透锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟侥傦拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟絅锟斤拷锟叫癸拷锟� (锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷見锟斤拷锟叫很忥拷锟侥凤拷锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷展锟皆忥拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节岋拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絚锟斤拷锟劫撅拷锟絯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷拥拇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷P锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟劫讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节組锟较狅拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷, 锟絊锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟統锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫旓拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟劫达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴狅拷B(t锟斤拷i)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫礦锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷式锟侥达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷碳锟斤拷锟絵锟酵癸拷锟斤拷锟絵锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷之锟絞锟斤拷锟紹锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絀, 锟斤拷丝锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷魏锟轿伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷陆锟斤拷锟斤拷B锟斤拷, 锟紷也锟角斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷展锟皆碉拷一锟斤拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷元锟斤拷通锟斤拷只锟节伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟皆拷锟斤拷|(zh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟截斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷

?

锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕電斤拷锟斤拷某些锟斤拷锟劫憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟接憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟劫伙拷辖锟斤拷锟絕锟教★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷通锟絕電解將锟斤拷锟斤拷膜锟紹锟接碉拷锟斤拷锟劫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷^锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷 (锟斤拷锟絇锟絞), 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ワ拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟解反锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵革拷锟絞锟斤拷 (锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絶锟斤拷), 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絊锟斤拷硬锟脚碉拷锟斤拷锟揭诧拷锟斤拷鍍碉拷锟斤拷

?

锟絉锟斤拷--锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟剿�, 锟斤拷锟斤拷邫C械锟斤拷锟斤拷使锟矫夛拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷效锟街讹拷锟斤拷

锟絉锟斤拷--锟角機械锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷浅锟斤拷玫拇植诙鹊膫锟斤拷y(t锟斤拷ng)同锟絰锟絶, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟截凤拷映锟斤拷锟絯锟紻锟斤拷慕锟斤拷俦锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷

锟給論锟斤拷锟矫何種锟斤拷锟劫加癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷, 锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷婵傦拷锟斤拷芯锟斤拷锟斤拷牟锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紼, 也锟斤拷锟斤拷锟紽(xi锟斤拷n)锟絜锟絖锟侥高凤拷偷凸取锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷劭锟斤拷钥锟斤拷锟斤拷植诘谋锟斤拷锟�, 使锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷谋锟斤拷锟�锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟絕锟届到锟脚达拷锟絉锟斤拷锟紷微锟絉锟斤拷锟紷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷庸锟斤拷锟侥憋拷锟斤拷植诙锟�, 锟絕去锟斤拷锟絈锟斤拷锟斤拷锟解潔锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭憋拷锟斤拷植诙葏锟斤拷锟�(sh锟斤拷)锟缴高度咃拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟斤拷锟絞锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟酵綜锟较咃拷锟斤拷(sh锟斤拷)锟組锟斤拷锟斤拷

锟絉锟斤拷庸锟揭伙拷锟斤拷潜锟斤拷锟街糙度烇拷 < 0.8 微锟阶的憋拷锟斤拷, 锟絈锟斤拷: 锟絉锟斤拷庸锟�锟斤拷

锟斤拷 锟藉児锟剿� 锟斤拷锟斤拷 锟絉锟斤拷